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Message: <blockquote data-quote="sakuraguy" data-source="post: 1724797" data-attributes="member: 6441">Malaysian Titles - INFORMATIVEThe Malay language has a complex system of titles and honorifics which is still extensively used in Malaysia and Brunei. Singapore, whose Malay royalty was abolished by the British colonial government in 1891, has adopted civic titles for its leaders.Indonesia, meanwhile, despite being a Republic, recognizes several hereditary rulers and aristocratic systems, mostly those who supported the Independence movement of 1945. The late wife of former President Soeharto, for example, was the Raden Ayu Tien Hartini, not as some say, Madame Soeharto. Under the Dutch, similarly, descendants of the Majoors, Kapiteins and Luitnens der Chinezen in Java were entitled to the hereditary title 'Sia'. Together with Peranakan feudalism, however, these titles were abolished by the colonial government in the 1930s during the implementation of their 'social policy'.Today, hereditary and life titles are still regularly awarded in Brunei, several Indonesian provinces and Malaysia. What follows, however, is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman and such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.The sequence that should be used when formally writing or addressing a person's name is as follows:Honorary Style, Professional Rank, Royal Hereditary Title, Federal Title, State Title, Non-royal Hereditary Title, Doctor (of medicine or philosophy), Haji/Hajjah (for Muslim men and women who have performed the Hajj), Name.A style carried by virtue of royal title always trumps those carried by non-royal titles. Male royals may choose to append "al-Haj" to their name instead of using "Haji". The following examples are correct:Yang Berbahagia Jeneral Tan Sri Hj Nik (Name) Yang Amat Mulia Jeneral Tengku Dato' (Name) al-Haj Yang Berhomat Senator Tan Sri Dato' (Name) Only the highest title in each class should be used; thus a person with a Tan Sriship (always a federal title) and a federal Datukship should only use the Tan Sri; but a holder of a federal Tan Sriship and a state Dato'ship may use both titles.Malay royaltyThe following titles are hereditary and reserved for the royal families of Brunei and the nine royal states of Malaysia.Yang di-Pertuan Agong (literally, "He who is made Supreme Lord" but usually "Supreme Head" or "Paramount Ruler") is the official title of the ruler of all Malaysia, elected from among the nine heads of the royal families. The title is often glossed King in English. Yang di-Pertuan Negara (literally "He who is made Lord of the State" but usually "Head of State") is the official title of the Sultan of Brunei. The title was also used in Singapore until its independence in 1965, upon which the title became President. Yang di-Pertuan Besar (literally "He who is made Great Lord", but often "Great Lord") is the official title of the Ruler of Negeri Sembilan. All other Rulers are Sultans except the Raja of Perlis. Yang di-Pertua Negeri is not a royal title, but the title of a Governor of a state which does not have an hereditary ruler. Tuanku is both a title when used before a name and form of address when used alone, and is reserved for the Malay Rulers. It literally means "My Lord", and as a form of address can be glossed as "Your Majesty" or "Your Highness, but is left untranslated when used as a title. In Aceh, now a province of Indonesia, "Tuanku" is given to children and grandchildren of a ruling monarch. In Sarawak, "Tuanku" is the prefix used by certain noble families. Tengku (also spelled Tunku in Johor, Negeri Sembilan and Kedah, and Ungku or Engku to denote particular lineages, and Raja in Perak and certain Selangor lineages, and Syed/Sharifah in Perlis if suffixed by the royal clan name) is roughly equivalent to Prince or Princess. In Aceh, "Tengku" is the title given to religious officers, eg. Tengku Imam Meunasah (leader of the mosque). Pengiran Muda and Pengiran Anak is a royal title for the royal families of Brunei. Pengiran is a hereditary title for people that has blood ties with Brunei royals. The following styles often precede the royal title on formal notices:Ke Bawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia (literally "The Dust Under The Feet of His Exalted Highness") is used for the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and state Rulers alike. However, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong also uses the prefix "Seri Paduka Baginda" (literally, "Conqueror Majesty") and in English, his title is often translated as "His Majesty". A state Ruler is "His Royal Highness" (in colonial times "His Highness"). Since 1984, the ruler of Johor has used the title "Baginda" as well, but he is still referred to in English as "His Royal Highness". The ruler of Perak also uses the prefix "Paduka Seri" which is derived from the archaic formula "Paduka Seri Maulana". The ruler of Negeri Sembilan also used the prefix "Paduka Seri" between 1993 and 2004 (this has since been dropped). These titles are not used as a form of address - instead Tuanku is used. Yang Teramat Mulia is used by the children of reigning Sultans (except in Negeri Sembilan) and by the Dato' Kelana, the Undang of Sungai Ujong in Negeri Sembilan Yang Amat Mulia is used by the children of the ruler of Negeri Sembilan and Johor, the Undang of Jelebu, Johol and Rembau and the Tunku Besar of Tampin in Negeri Sembilan Yang Mulia are used for other heirs and heiresses, who are the descendants of royal families.</blockquote>

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